Punica granatum and Ellagic Acid in Health Care Functional Fruit: Unique Bibliography
U.S. Mahadeva Rao1, Deepak Bhattacharya2*, Junu Maiya Basukala3, Chandra Sekhar Tripathy4
1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kampus Perubatan,
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
2Social Service and Nursing, Sri Radha Krishna Raas Mandir,
Kedar Gouri Road, Bhubaneswar–751002, Odisha, India.
3Head of Department, Department of History and Buddhist Studies,
Tribhuvan University, Patan Multiple Campus, Patan Dhoka, Lalitpur, Nepal.
4Dept. of Botany – School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: raousm@unisza.edu.my, fightcancermetastasisathome@gmail.com, junu.basukala@pmc.tu.edu.np, ctripathy7@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Background: The pan global narrative regarding Covid-19 combat is sans any focus on ‘Functional Food’ and or any fruit or any simple physiologically compatible acid moiety. Objective: To bring to light that (i) Punica granatum –Linn is an peerless functional food candidate and its sole active moiety (Ellagic Acid –EA) is anti-viricide (ii) Either along with many another aspects have been extensively studied world-wide more specially following our initial reports. There is also no tabulated monograph on any such topic. Methods: Search the scholastic domain from various perspectives and set the citations in chronological manner. Results: There are more than 175 published scientific documents dated between 1957-2023. Less known. Conclusion: An unique histographic monograph comprised of 178 citations is presented with Punica and EA as the candidate pair. Never before like ground breaking. A fresh new way of distilate packed ‘review presentation’. Excellent for data mining with ease.
KEYWORDS: Punica granatum, Ellagic acid, Ellaghitanins, Pomegranate, Historiography, History of Science.
INTRODUCTION:
Historically, in all cultures and civilisation based schools of medicine the Punica grantum Linn., has been considered as panacea for many a human pathologies 1. Administrations and specially India administration is seen indulging in vaccine route of Covid-combat and discounting the time tested; technically vetted and firmly in place the ‘Family physician’ system and oral medicament (that provides gainful employment to fresher/s and youths on very large scale); Quarantine being done effectively only with Lemon juice ! This has created space to ‘Combat Covid at Home’ 2,3. In our run-up during “Fight Covid At Home” 4 we found that the Pomegranate (Punica granatum Lin) is effective as a ‘Functional Food’, possibly the very best suited. Its active pharmaceutical agent in this commoner’s fruit is ‘Ellagic Acid’ (EA). It is present as a neat moiety and is not confounded by the presence of any contrasting or confabulating moiety (only have the synergistic ellagitanins as the other that hydrolyse back to EA in the gut and gastric phases of the human physiology). This holds true for all cultivars. Hence, it is a vital resource. EA is being evidenced as anti-CoV-2 virus (see Table). And whereas, historically, pomegranate the fruit; its juice and or its various parts and parcels have extensively been used as a vital\prominent constituent in Ayurveda 5 Persian 6 Sino-Nippon 7,8 and Unani schools of medicines 9. Covid – 19 related pan-global exhaustive masterly reviews by WHO 10 Lancet 11 Nature 12 do not touch upon our caption nor the methodology.
Punica is a household fruit and is abundant in Asia being naturally supported by the pan-asian agro-met. In the Indian sub-continent; Persia; Mediterranean and S E Asian rim the Punica is grown in the forecourt or in the backyard of individual houses. It is considered as an auspicious plant also. Present modern medicine transpired off flora. Herodotus called it “Functional Food”13. In pandemic cum syndemic 2021 14 pomegranate posits as a opportunity full ‘functional food’. Pertinently, this group has been involved with Punica sourced EA for anti-viral studies and usages 15, 16.
As a standard operation procedure ‘reviews’ are done on pathology types. Review about a natural member and its moiety\s are not noted. Review about ‘functional foods’ vis-a-vis Covid-19 or even SARS or Corona Virus are conspicuous by absence. As a paradigm shift the objective herein was set for (i) a review of Punica and EA as ‘therapeutic’ and ‘Functional Food’ (ii) a unique histographic table comprised only of citations pertaining to such candidate pair (iii) a fresh new way of distillate packed ‘review presentation’ resulting in quenching of print space while revelling the essence (iv) as an monograph of citations vis-a-vis Punica and EA for data mining with ease.
METHOD:
This transaction arises out of our ongoing national 17 and international 18-20 works including Encyclopaedia 21 and note – i ] and (i) speaking in public forums. Reading and referencing (ii) historical treatise (iii) cultural medicine treatises (i) newspapers (v) popular literature (vi) group participation (vii) extensive attention to (viii-a) less known scientific journals (viii-b) well known scientific journals; etc. We came across a tome of modern period scientific works pertaining to (i) agriculture; horticulture; ecology; econometrics (ii) moieties (iii) technology and techniques from various associated fields (iv) clinical use (v) plant pathology (iv) folk and heritage aspects; etc., which all lie distributed in publications strewn across the globe spanning >6 decades of scholarly inputs and scantly cited or even not. We also intently searched for Covid-19\SARS related ‘functional food’. These, apart from our direct involvement in (Fight Covid at Home) providing family level succour from the moment Covid-19 was announced with gong and utensil beating; cymbal and bell ring ins; candle\lamp lighting; etc.
RESULTS:
General Results:- The Covid-19 pandemic combat narrative had veered away from (a) family welfare (b) fight malady at home (c) use of family physicians to (d) select trade and industry promotion (d) technology flaunting (e) imposing embargoes (f) frightening even the remote-rural field clinicians (g) coercive hospitalisation; etc. The more we searched for a connection or any cue between Punica or gallagic group of acid use as medicine moiety or as any ‘functional food’ as a panacea\adjunct\supplement in Covid-19 pandemic the more it became clear that the domain has remained a void. Any focus on Ellagic acid or on the overall group called ‘Gallagic acid’; ellagi-tannins as (i) anti-virus (ii) anti-corona\SARS or as (iii) starting material for making or researching any drug or supplement was not noted (iv) and or as Punica as source for any enterprise\enquiry in any such directions was conspicuous by absence. Yet the world was over-flowing with punica fruition.
Specific Result :- (v) Punica is a peerless functional food (vi) it is safe (vii) Ellagic acid group as anti-virus including SARS-2 and as (viii) excellent starting material in drug discovery. Thus, there was a huge scope and an urgent need to bring to public domain our observation/s. The scholarly works have been tabulated on publication datum basis and chronologically a historiography was prepared which is presented herein in as Table-I for data mining with ease by scholars, world-wide. Unique of\in its kind. Never before like.
Table 1: Indicative Historiography of Punica in Academic Domain. Caption Context.
|
Sl No |
Year |
Extrited Relevant References. 6 Decades Before Present ↑ |
Domain |
Nation |
|
|
1 |
1957 |
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vol. 69, pp. 27-32 |
Investigation |
Holland |
|
|
2 |
1977 |
Journal-of-Maharashtra-Agricultural-University (India), Vol. 2(2) pp. 155-159. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=IN19780286539 |
Horticulture |
India |
|
|
3 |
1982 |
Screening of Iranian plant for antimicrobial activity. Acta Pharamceutica Suecia 19, 303-308 |
Anti-microb |
Iran |
|
|
4 |
1986 |
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, Vol. 34 (2), pp. 650-655, https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.34.650 |
Isolation, etc. |
Japan |
|
|
5 |
1988 |
A study of some properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum) from different localities –FAO, UN. |
Properties |
Yugoslavia, |
|
|
Harana i ishrana, ISSN : 0018-6872. |
|||||
|
6 |
1994 |
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 41-46 |
Folk Med |
Argentina |
|
|
7 |
1995 |
Chung Kuo Chung YaoTsa Chin, 20, 556-558 ( back date publication) |
Anti-Virus |
China |
|
|
8 |
1996 |
Reuters News Media Inc., 1996. Pomegranates could help in battle against AIDS. March 10th, http://www.aegis.com/news/re/1996/RE960310.html |
Not Available |
||
|
9 |
1997 |
Polyphenols of pomegranate peels show marked anti-tumor and anti-viral action. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Vol.33, pp.98-99. |
Anti Tumor |
Uzbekistan |
|
|
10 |
1997 |
Tannins from the leafs of Punica Granatum, Phytochemistry, Vol-48, pp.819. |
Property |
India |
|
|
11 |
1997 |
Turkmenian Experimental Station of Plant Genetic Resources, Garrygala. |
Survey |
Turkmenistaan |
|
|
Bulletin des Resources Phytogenetiques (IPGRI/FAO); Noticiario de Recursos Fitogeneticos (IPGRI/FAO) ISSN : 1020-3362, AGRIS (Journal), Issue 106 |
|||||
|
12 |
1998 |
Journal of Ethiopian Studies : Institute of Ethiopian Studies. Wällo. Adisababaa, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 159-192 |
Survey |
Ethiopia |
|
|
13 |
1998 |
Pomegranate: a role in health promotion and AIDS? In: Watson RR, Nutrition, Foods and AIDS, eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, pp 179-192 |
AIDS |
USA |
|
|
14 |
1998 |
Antiviral or antifungal composition comprising an extract of pomegranate rind or other plants and method of use. US Patent . 5,840,308 |
Anti-virus and |
USA |
|
|
Anti-fungal |
|||||
|
15 |
1988 |
FAO, Agris, https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=EG9100361 |
Med Plant |
Soudi Arabia |
|
|
16 |
1999 |
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution Vol.46, pp. 461–467. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008774221687 |
Germ-plasm |
Tunisia |
|
|
17 |
1990 |
CSIR, Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants : Central Drug Research Laboratory, Lko, [1999 – 95], Vol – 1, 1990, p. 335, Vol – 2 , 1993, p.573, Vol – IV, p. 611, Vol –5, p. 709. (preceded by Glossary AND earlier by RRL-CSIR, Bhubaneswar publication – 3 Vols) |
Compendium |
India |
|
|
18 |
2000 |
news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/988316.stm |
Anti-Malaria |
BBC |
|
|
Tuesday, 24 October, 2000, 12:16 GMT 13:16 UK. India claims herbal malaria cure |
|||||
|
19 |
2000 |
British Medical Journal 4; 321(7269), pp. 1153–1154, doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1153 |
Tonic and Heritage |
London |
|
|
20 |
2001 |
J. Agric. Food Chem. 2002, Vol. No.50, 1, pp. 81–86. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010865b |
Anti-Oxidant |
India |
|
|
21 |
2001 |
Journal of Ethnopharmacol 2001, 78:85-87. |
Immunity |
USA - NRI |
|
|
22 |
2001 |
EPPO Global Database, https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/PUNGR |
Data Base |
EU |
|
|
23 |
2002 |
ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Annual report, Lalita Badam, Pune, India, Screening of AVIR, Other Viruses, No.6-a, p.126. |
Anti-Measels |
India |
|
|
24 |
2002 |
J. Braz. Chem. Soc. Vol. 13 (5), https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532002000500010 |
Anti-microb |
Brazil |
|
|
25 |
2002 |
Veget Hist Archaeobot, Vol. 11, pp. 79–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003340200009 |
History |
Switzerland |
|
|
26 |
2003 |
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 69 (3), pp.484. (Supplementary), No. 640. |
Anti-Malaria |
India |
|
|
27 |
2004 |
Pu American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , Oct. 2004, Abstract No.968, 171(4), 288.m http://www.ajtmh.org/content/71/4_suppl/225.full.pdf+html |
-Do- |
India |
|
|
28 |
2004 |
BMC Infect Dis, 4, 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-4-41 |
HIV |
USA - NRI |
|
|
29 |
2004 |
Forest Resource Environment Development and Conservation Association (FREDA), Series 1, |
Survey Report |
Myanmar |
|
|
ISBN 974-91986-0-3 |
|||||
|
30 |
2004 |
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 92, Issues 2–3, pp. 197-207 |
Folk Medi. |
Uzbekistaan |
|
|
31 |
2005 |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (New York academy of sciences) pp. 311-27. |
-Do- |
USA |
|
|
32 |
2005 |
Rapid large scale purification of ellagitannins from pomegranate husk, a by-product of the commercial juice industry. Separation and Purification Technology, 41, 49–55. |
Purification |
USA |
|
|
33 |
2005 |
National Research Centre On Pomegranate, Indian Council Of Agricultural Research, Soalapur, |
Research |
India |
|
|
PIN-413 255, India. Govt. Exclusive Public Institution. |
|||||
|
34 |
2006 |
J. Appl. Oral Sci. Vol.14 (3), https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-77572006000300003 |
Dental Med |
Brazil |
|
|
35 |
2006 |
The Journal of Nutrition, 136, 2481–2485. |
In-Blood Life |
USA |
|
|
36 |
2006 |
Pomegranates: Ancient Roots to Modern Medicine. |
Historiography |
USA |
|
|
CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group, FL. 244p |
|||||
|
37 |
2007 |
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; Vol. 77, No. 5, p. 27. |
Cation ; Ions; anti-virus |
India ** |
|
|
38 |
2007 |
Planta Medica, 73, 461–467. USA |
Anti-oxidant |
USA |
|
|
39 |
2008 |
Eur Food Res Technol 227, 881–887. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-007-0799-1. |
Storing |
Iran |
|
|
40 |
2008 |
Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): A Review. |
Therapeutic Properties |
USA |
|
|
Altern Med Rev 2008, 13:128-144. |
|||||
|
41 |
2008 |
African Journal of Biotechnology , Vol.7. No.9. pp.1294-1301. |
Pomology |
Turkey |
|
|
42 |
2008 |
Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Vol.34(12), pp.1061-71. DOI: 10.1016/S1673-8527(07)60121-0 |
Diversity |
China |
|
|
43 |
2009 |
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherapy. 2009, Vol.53(3), pp.1100-1106. doi:10.1128/AAC.01175-08. |
Toxicity |
France |
|
|
44 |
2009 |
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 125, No. 2, 2009, pp. 279-285. |
Anti-Malaria |
Italy-India** |
|
|
45 |
2009 |
Molecules, Vol. 14(5), pp. 1808-1817; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14051808 |
Anti-Microb |
Turkey |
|
|
46 |
2009 |
Plant Science - ISSN : 0568-465X, Institute of Agril Economics, Bulgaria, Vol. 46 (1), pp. 93-96. |
Agronomy |
Bulgaria |
|
|
47 |
2010 |
NCCAM-NIH, MoU with NIH for transfer of AVIR details executed with SIRI Labs, USA. SARS-1, HIV and others. |
SARS-1, |
India** |
|
|
48 |
2010 |
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Abstract No. 709, (sec B); 83 (5-Supp) : p. 72. www.astmh.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Abstracts_and...cfm. |
Para magnetism and Brain Malaria |
India |
|
|
49 |
2010 |
Malaria Journal, Vol.9, pp. 208. |
Nfkb; Brain Malaria |
Italy-India |
|
|
50 |
2010 |
European Food Research and Technology, Vol. 232(3), pp.397-403, DOI: |
Food Science |
Italy |
|
|
10.1007/s00217-010-1390-8 |
|||||
|
51 |
2010 |
Fruit, Vegetable, Cereal science and Biotechnology 4 (special issue 2), Global Science Books, pp. 56. http://www.globalsciencebooks.info/Online/GSBOnline/images/2010/FVCSB_4(SI2)/FVCSB_4(SI2)56-76o.pdf |
Nutraceuticals |
Japan |
|
|
52 |
2010 |
Fruit, Vegetable, Cereal science and Biotechnology 4 (Spl issue 2), Global Science Books (publ.),pp26 . http://www.globalsciencebooks.info/Online/GSBOnline/images/2010/FVCSB_4(SI2)/FVCSB_4(SI2)26-34o.pdf |
Breeding |
Do |
|
|
53 |
2010 |
Fruit, Vegetable, Cereal science and Biotechnology, 4 (special issue 2), Global Science Books, pp 07-18. http://www.globalsciencebooks.info/Online/GSBOnline/images/2010/FVCSB_4(SI2)/FVCSB_4(SI2)7-18o.pdf http://www.globalsciencebooks.info/Journals/images/FVCSBDescripStyle.pdf |
Agril-Review |
Do |
|
|
54 |
2010 |
Origin, History and Domestication of Pomegranate. In: Chandra R (Ed) Pomegranate. Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Science and Biotechnology 4 (Spl. Issue 2), pp. 1-6. NRCP, http://nrcpomegranate.org/ |
Historio-graphy |
India |
|
|
55 |
2010 |
· Nepal Journal of Science and Technology, Vol.11, pp.115-124, DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4133 |
Phenology and Ecology |
Nepal |
|
|
56 |
2011 |
“Fight Malaria at Home”, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, Vol. 1, No. 2, , pp. 142-149. |
Anti-Malaria |
Do** |
|
|
57 |
2011 |
Pomegranate Production in Afghanistan. https://ucanr.edu/sites/Pomegranates/files/164500.pdf |
Horticulture |
Afghanistan |
|
|
58 |
2011 |
J Sci Food Agric, Vol. 91, No. 10, pp.1893-906. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4411. Epub 2011 Apr 7. |
Phyto-chem |
Spain |
|
|
59 |
2012 |
Advances In Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, pp.13-18. doi:10.4236/aid.2012.21003. |
Anti-Inflamm |
India** |
|
|
60 |
2012 |
International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2012;3(1):1-8. Doi:10.4236/ijcm. 2012.31001. |
-Do- |
Gabon |
|
|
61 |
2012 |
Tropical Agricultural Research, Vol. 23 (4):, pp. 370-375 , DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tar.v23i4.4873 |
Bio-Chemical |
Sri Lanka |
|
|
62 |
2012 |
Int.J.Pharm.Phytopharmacol.Res., Vol. 2(3), pp..160-166.. |
Anti-Oxidant |
Bangladesh |
|
|
63 |
2012 |
Punica granatum L. liquor – South Portugal. Information. |
Liquor |
Portugal |
|
|
64 |
2012 |
Acta Hortic. Vol. 940, pp. 193-200. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.940.25. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.940.25 |
Gen Diversity |
Greece |
|
|
65 |
2012 |
Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants. Springer, Dordrecht., pp.136–194. |
Report |
Australia |
|
|
doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-5653-3_10 |
|||||
|
66 |
2013 |
Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol.85(2), pp.202-206. |
Physio-Chem |
Croatia |
|
|
67 |
2013 |
British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 54-77. |
Transmission |
India |
|
|
68 |
2014 |
Fruit rots of pomegranate (cv. Wonderful) in Greece, Australasian Plant Pathology 43(5):583-588. DOI: 10.1007/s13313-014-0300-0 |
Fruit Pathology |
Greece |
|
|
69 |
2014 |
Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences 4(2), 232–http://www.curresweb.com/mejas/mejas/2014/232-242.pdf |
Pasteur |
India |
|
|
70 |
2104 |
Anti-obesity effects of Taif and Egyptian pomegranates: molecular study. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, https://doi.org/10.1080/09168451.2014.982505 |
Anti-Obesity |
Saudi and Egypt |
|
|
71 |
2014 |
Bhutan Bio-Diversity Portal, https://biodiversity.bt/ |
Report |
Bhutan |
|
|
72 |
2014 |
FAO, Bioversity International, ISBN: 978-92-9043-920-2. |
Report |
Tajikistan |
|
|
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/uploads/tx_news/Conservation_of_fruit_tree_diversity_in_Central_Asia_1734.pdf |
|||||
|
73 |
2014 |
BMC Complement Altern Med, Vol. 14, pp.33. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-33 |
Metabolism |
Russia |
|
|
74 |
2015 |
Evaluation of Egyptian pomegranate cultivars for antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents, 2015. Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal, Volume : 15 | Issue : 3 | Page : 143-149 |
Anti-Oxidant |
Egypt |
|
|
75 |
2015 |
Journal of Trop Dis 2015, 4:2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4187/2329-891X.1000187 |
Anti-Malaria |
India |
|
|
76 |
2015 |
Acta Hortic, Vol.1089, pp. 253-256, DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic. |
Diversity |
Azerbaijan |
|
|
https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1089.32 |
|||||
|
77 |
2015 |
PLoS ONE, Vol.10(11), Pub No. e0142777. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142777 |
Gene Alteration |
Israeli |
|
|
78 |
2016 |
Translational Medicine, (Sunnyvale), Vol.6:3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2161-1025.1000178 |
Cancer |
India |
|
|
79 |
2016 |
Journal of Malaria Control and Elimination, 5:2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2470-6965/1000141 |
Medical Meteorology |
India |
|
|
80 |
2016 |
Jor of Tropical Disease and Public Health, Vol. 4, No.3. DOI.org/10.4172/2329-891X.1000211 |
Clinical |
Do** |
|
|
81 |
2016 |
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 92:2, pp.199-205, |
Biodiversity |
Pakistan |
|
|
DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2016.1252250 |
|||||
|
82 |
2016 |
Phytomedicine, 15;23(11):1095-102. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.12.008. Epub 2015 Dec 30. |
C Reactive Protein |
Romania and Australia |
|
|
83 |
2016 |
PROSEA : Plant Resources Of South-East Asia. |
Data Bank |
Indonesia |
|
|
84 |
2016 |
Advances In Nutrition, 7(5): 961–972. doi: 10.3945/an.116.012575 |
Ellagic acid |
USA |
|
|
85 |
2017 |
J of Trop Dis, 5:1. DOI: 10.4172/2329-891X.1000229 |
Ellagic Acid |
India |
|
|
86 |
2017 |
“Ghare Maro Malaria”, Air Water Borne Diseases, 6: 135. doi: 10.4172/2167-7719.1000135 |
Red Cross |
India** |
|
|
87 |
2017 |
Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 19(1):e38577. doi:10.5812/ircmj.38577. |
Analgesic and anti-Arthritis |
Iran |
|
|
88 |
2017 |
Anaerobe., Vol.43:56-60. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.12.003. Epub 2016 Dec 7. |
Akkermansia m |
USA |
|
|
89 |
2017 |
Bioscience Research, 14(4):887-894 |
Gen-Diversity |
Egypt-Saudi |
|
|
90 |
2017 |
Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 87 (11), 1445–52, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321050781_ |
Extraction Method |
India |
|
|
91 |
2017 |
https://www.sowawellness.com/2017/05/02/pomegranate-metabolism-indigestion/ |
Report |
Tibet |
|
|
92 |
2017 |
Intel Journal of Mol Sci, Vol.18(1), pp.141. doi: 10.3390/ijms18010141. |
Dermal - Acne |
Taiwan |
|
|
93 |
2017 |
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition,Vol. 30 (3), pp.578-90. (Korean Society of Food and Nutrition) |
Anti-Oxidation |
S. Korea |
|
|
94 |
2017 |
Alternative Therapies In Health And Medicine, Vol. 23(2), pp.28-34. |
Oil - Menopouse |
Germany |
|
|
95 |
2017 |
Journal of Functional Foods, Vol. 35, 549-554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.006 |
Anti-Virus |
Italy |
|
|
96 |
2017 |
Plants (Basel). Vol. 6(4): 62. doi: 10.3390/plants6040062 |
Pomegranate |
Costa Rica |
|
|
97 |
2017 |
Jour of Nutritional Sciences, Cambridge, Vol.6, e39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2017.36 |
Blood Pressure |
UK |
|
|
98 |
2018 |
Journal of Scientific Research, BHU, Vol. 62,pp. 147-154 |
Diagnostic |
India |
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99 |
2018 |
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Character |
Iraq |
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100 |
2018 |
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Blood Vessel |
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Protection |
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101 |
2018 |
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Physical Properties |
Japan |
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102 |
2018 |
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Anti-HIV |
Ukraine |
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104 |
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Investigation |
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110 |
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Math and Statistics |
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Animal -Model |
Indonesia |
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Ointment |
Philippines |
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Horticulture |
Cyprus |
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118 |
2019 |
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Ecolo-culture |
Malaysia |
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119 |
2019 |
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Plnt - Pathogen |
Hungary |
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120 |
2019 |
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Clinic- Dermal |
Multi-Nation |
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121 |
2019 |
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Influenza |
Iran |
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122 |
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Anti-SARS |
India** |
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123 |
2020 |
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WHO |
Asia and Africa; ** |
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124 |
2020 |
Journal of Antivirals and Antiretrovirus, Vol.12 (6),pp.209. |
Covid Diagnos |
India** |
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125 |
2020 |
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Anti-Covid |
Do** |
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126 |
2020 |
Indian Journal Of Natural Sciences, Vol.10, Issue 61, pp.1-12. (special article). |
Do |
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127 |
2020 |
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Do |
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128 |
2020 |
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Germ Plasm |
Pakistan |
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129 |
2020 |
Plants, (Basel-Swiss), Vol. 9(4), pp. 493. doi: 10.3390/plants9040493 |
Biochemical |
Do |
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130 |
2020 |
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Anti-Ozalate |
Morocco |
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131 |
2020 |
Journal of Primary Health Care, Vol. 12(3), pp. 293-294 https://doi.org/10.1071/HC15956 |
Clinical Use |
N Zealand |
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132 |
2020 |
Foods , Vol. 9 (11), pp.1617; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9111617 |
Anti-Oxidant |
Germany |
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133 |
2020 |
J of Nematol, Vol.52, pp.1-3. doi: 10.21307/jofnem-2020-026. |
Plant Patho |
Peru |
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134 |
2020 |
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Meat Process |
Brazil |
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135 |
2020 |
Science Direct, Elsevier. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/punica-granatum |
Data Bank |
Netherland |
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136 |
2020 |
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Poultry/Vet |
S Africa |
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137 |
2020 |
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Covid-19 |
Iran |
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138 |
2020 |
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Insti-Data |
India |
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139 |
2020 |
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Diabetes |
Spain |
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140 |
2020 |
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Ellagic Acid |
Portugal |
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141 |
2020 |
UNESCO. https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/nar-bayrami-traditional-pomegranate-festivity-and-culture-01511 |
Pomegranate Festival |
Azerbaizan |
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142 |
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Brain |
India |
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145 |
2021 |
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Cancer |
Romania |
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146 |
2021 |
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Hair care |
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147 |
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Anti-Covid |
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148 |
2021 |
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Composition |
Mexico |
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149 |
2021 |
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Chronic Dises |
Sicily |
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150 |
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Farming |
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151 |
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Covid-19 |
Bulgaria |
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152 |
2021 |
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Do |
Italy |
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153 |
2021 |
Trials, 22, 246. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05194-9 |
Inflammation |
Iran |
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154 |
2021 |
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Covid-19 |
Multi-National |
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155 |
2021 |
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Mongolia |
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156 |
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Data Bank |
USA |
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157 |
2021 |
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Covid-Docking |
Israel |
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158 |
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Do |
Italy |
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159 |
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160 |
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All Maladies |
Greece |
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161 |
N A |
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Survey |
Thailand |
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162 |
2022 |
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Covid-19 |
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163 |
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Pom Marketing |
India |
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164 |
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Covid - 19 |
Nigeria and China |
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165 |
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Multi-National |
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166 |
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Do |
India and Indonesia |
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167 |
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Iran |
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168 |
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Do |
India and Oman |
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169 |
2022 |
Biomed Pharmacother. Vol. 147: 112658.Doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112658 |
Do |
Multi -National |
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170 |
2022 |
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Do |
Iran |
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171 |
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Gen Medicine |
Inter-Continental |
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172 |
2023 |
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Parkinsons |
India |
|
|
173 |
2023 |
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Renal |
Iran |
|
|
174 |
2023 |
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Covid-10 |
Romania |
|
|
175 |
2023 |
Molecules. Vol. 28(9): 3772. doi: 10.3390/molecules28093772 WHO : ID: covidwho-2312359 |
Do |
Multi -National |
|
|
176 |
2023 |
Polymers , 15(6), 1548; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061548 |
Bio-Polymer |
India |
|
|
177 |
2023 |
Chemical Society, https://www.acs.org/molecule-of-the-week/archive/e/ellagic-acid.html |
Limited Review |
USA |
|
|
178 |
2023 |
E Acid Manufactures. https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/ellagic-acid-market-research-2023-30 |
Global Market |
USA |
|
|
179 |
2023 |
WHO : Research Database – Covid 19. EMBASE WHO-ID, No. 1285772, |
Functional Food |
Asia and Africa ** |
|
|
https://search.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/resource/en/covidwho-1285772 |
|||||
Note : ** marks the transactions authored by one of the member of the current communication.
DISCUSSION:
The rate of scholarly work output is noted to accelerate from 1997. It was in 1997 the Indian Red Cross Society (remote rural district branch) Koraput – Odisa- India responding to the Collector cum District Magistrate’s call had started a free “Fight Malaria At Home” wherein punica sourced ellagitannins were used on very large scale amidst the hub of the core drug resistant malaria – India 22,23. It is in use since May 2020. EA is anti-virus (broad spectrum) and as per WHO Research database 24 Punica\EA seemingly is effective also as ‘Functional Food’(See Sl. No. 179).
Punica Granatum is a Functional Fruit in Health Care Industry. Hippocrates (DoB 460A.D.) the fountain of Allopathy, said “Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food”, i.e., ‘functional food’ be our guiding light [see Ref-1]. And, India is the Largest producer.
CONCLUSION:
Our search indicates an interesting historiography of the scholarly efforts (that are in the international space) vis-à-vis Punica fruit; its parts; parcels; moieties and issues like horticulture; agriculture; genetics; ecology; market; et.al. Now, University and Institution based national or regional level publications (Table : token example Sl.2; and 137) if collated shall add up as much more (which shall be beneficial) yet are conspicuous by absence as extra mural location based searches draw blank (see Acknowledgement). That this group’s members are possible the earliest to connect SARS-covid with pomegranate and with ellagic acid (gallagic group). Therefore, more wider multi-disciplinary, long scope multi-lateral study is warranted under some international gamp viz., UN; WHO; or FAO towards an on-line compendium. Hope, that this nascent effort shall trigger exhaustive works.
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Received on 11.10.2023 Modified on 14.11.2023
Accepted on 17.12.2023 © RJPT All right reserved
Research J. Pharm. and Tech 2024; 17(1):452-459.
DOI: 10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00071